Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science)

Phenotypic evaluation of contest cattle in Sorong Regency, Southwest Papua, Indonesia: morphometric traits and body condition score

Stefani F. Haryati — 2026-03-30

Phenotypic evaluation of contest cattle provides useful information for understanding body conformation and physical condition under field conditions, yet objective studies on contest-based cattle populations remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate morphometric traits and body condition score (BCS) of contest cattle from Sorong Regency, Southwest Papua, and to assess their variation according to district and sex, as well as the relationships among measured traits. Data were collected from 31 contest cattle originating from seven districts, consisting of 8 males and 23 females. The evaluated variables included chest girth (CG), body length (BL), withers height (WH), and BCS. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, while sex and district effects were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test, respectively. Relationships among variables were examined using Spearman’s rank correlation, and principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to describe the multivariate structure of morphometric variation. The overall mean values were 152.60 ± 25.99 cm for CG, 108.26 ± 10.83 cm for BL, 116.58 ± 12.66 cm for WH, and 3.19 ± 0.54 for BCS. No significant differences were found between males and females for any variable. In contrast, district had a significant effect on WH and BCS, with the main difference occurring between Aimas and Mariat. Chest girth was positively correlated with BL (rho = 0.66, p < 0.001) and BCS (rho = 0.54, p < 0.01), indicating that this trait was the most informative single morphometric variable in the dataset. PCA showed that the first two principal components explained 87.55% of the total variation, representing general body size and vertical body structure. In conclusion, contest cattle in Sorong Regency exhibited greater phenotypic variation across districts than between sexes, and chest girth may serve as a practical indicator for field-based phenotypic evaluation of contest cattle.

Evaluation of physiological parameters after restricted feeding during sexual maturity in quail hens (Coturnix c. japonica)

Muhammad A. Bagaskara — 2026-03-30

An experiment was conduct to study the effect of restricted feeding on some physiological parameters (hematological dan biochemical) of quail hens. The research was an experimental observation applying Nested Complete Randomized Design using 300 fourteen days old quails. The quails maintained under two feeding restriction programs feeding allotted to 2 dietary regimes, basic on Metabolizable Energy (ME) R1= 2900 kcal/kg; R2 = 2800 kcal/kg and quantitative restricted feeding; P0 = 100% of ad libitum; P1 = 90% of ad libitum and P2 = 80% of ad libitum (n= 300). Each group (n= 50) has five replicates containing 10 birds each. Restricted feeding treatment was applied for fourteen days old quail until its sexual maturity. Physiological parameters were determined at sexual maturity. The results of experiment indicate that the restricted feeding consequently significant influenced (P<0,05) increasing leukocytes but not influence on erythrocytes and decreasing triiodothyronine. Glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides decrease significantly (p<0.01). We conclude that feed restriction programs may have some economic benefits with some health hazard through decreasing blood glucose, cholesterol levels, and triglyceride values according to the intensity of feed restriction regimen.

The use of fermented pellet concentrate from commercial feed, sago waste, and other local feedstuffs on the performance of grower pigs in Yapen Islands

Herry H. Auparay — 2026-03-30

The growth and productivity of pigs are significantly influenced by the quality and adequacy of nutritional intake, especially feed that meets their physiological needs. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of grower pigs fed rations supplemented with fermented pellet concentrate made from commercial feed (concentrate 511), sago waste, tofu waste, sweet potato leaves, corn and coconut residue. The research was conducted over two months in 2024 in the Yapen Islands, involving 12 pigs aged 3–4 months. A randomized block design (RBD) was used with four treatments and three replications, grouped based on initial body weight. The treatments were: P0 = 100% basal ration (no concentrate), P1 = 95% basal ration + 5% fermented concentrate, P2 = 90% basal ration + 10% fermented concentrate, and P3 = 85% basal ration + 15% fermented concentrate. Observed variables included feed intake, daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. The results showed that the addition of fermented pellet concentrate significantly affected (P<0.05) the daily weight gain of grower pigs but had no significant effect on feed intake, dry matter intake, or feed efficiency. The best performance was observed in P3 (15% fermented concentrate + 85% basal ration), which resulted in the most optimal growth response

The effect of using a mixture of banana stems and tofu dregs at different levels on nutrient consumption of landrace grower crossbred pigs

Redempta Wea — 2026-03-30

Banana stems and tofu dregs are agricultural and industrial waste that can be used as pig feed. However, the high crude fiber content requires fermentation technology to be used as pig feed. The purpose of this study was to examine the nutrient consumption of Landrace crossbred pigs consuming fermented banana stems tofu dregs (FBSTD) at different levels. This study was conducted in the pig pen of Rizky's farm from April to June 2025. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The research treatments were R0: Ration without FBSTD, R1: Ration containing 10% FBSTD, R2: Ration containing 20% FBSTD, and R3: Ration containing 30% FBSTD. The research data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan's further test. The research variables were nutrient consumption (dry matter, crude fiber, crude fat, and ash). The results showed that increasing the percentage of FBSTD use (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) significantly affected (P<0.05) dry matter (DM) consumption and significantly affected (P<0.01) crude fiber (CFi) consumption, crude fat (CFa) consumption, and ash consumption. This also increased DM (1710.84±124,54 to 914.57±29,93 gram/head/day), CFa (132.55±9,65 to 216.19±3,38 g/h/d), and ash (212.15±15,44 to 251.54±9,78g/h/d) consumption and decreased CFi ((376.42±27,40 to 287.61±4,50g/h/d) consumption when using 20% FBSTD. In conclusion, the use of FBSTD increased DM, CFa , and ash consumption and decreased CFi consumption at the 20% level. It is recommended that FBSTD be used at 20% in grower pig rations.

Detection of Toxocara sp. eggs in fecal samples from stray dogs in the Kembang Kuning Cemetery Area, Surabaya, Indonesia

Eko P. Nugroho — 2026-03-30

Dogs are common companion animals, and free-roaming dogs living in close proximity to humans may increase the risk of zoonotic disease transmission. One of the parasitic diseases of concern is toxocariasis, caused by nematodes of the genus Toxocara. Infection in animals may result in diarrhea, dehydration, anemia, and, in severe cases, death. This study aimed to detect the presence of Toxocara sp. eggs in fecal samples collected from stray dogs in the Kembang Kuning Cemetery area, Dukuh Kupang, Dukuh Pakis District, Surabaya. A total of 28 fecal samples were collected and initially examined using the native method. For each sample, 1 g of feces was mixed with 10 mL of distilled water, and 1–2 drops of the suspension were placed on a glass slide, covered with a coverslip, and examined microscopically. Twenty samples that were positive on native examination were subsequently tested using the flotation method. The fecal suspension was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min, repeated 2–3 times until the supernatant became clear. The sediment was then mixed with saturated sugar solution, covered with a coverslip, left for at least 20 min, and examined under a microscope at 400× magnification. The flotation test detected Toxocara sp. eggs in 17 of the 20 native-positive samples, equivalent to 85.0% of native-positive samples and 60.7% of all collected fecal samples. Three of the 17 Toxocara sp.-positive samples also contained Ancylostoma sp. eggs, indicating mixed infection. These findings demonstrate the presence of gastrointestinal helminth contamination in stray dog feces in the study area and highlight the potential zoonotic risk to the surrounding community.

Age-related variation in body weight and morphometric traits of local pigs in the northern coastal area of North Insana District, Timor Tengah Utara Regency, Indonesia

Yuliana Kolo — 2026-03-30

This study evaluated the zoometric characteristics of local pigs raised in the northern coastal area of North Insana District, Timor Tengah Utara Regency, across different age groups. A total of 85 pigs were classified into piglets (1–4 months, n=24), young pigs (5–12 months, n=21), and adults (>12 months, n=40). Body weight, body length, chest girth, shoulder height, ear length, head length, hind leg length, and tail length were measured directly in the field and analysed descriptively. All measured traits increased with age, with the highest values consistently recorded in adult pigs. Mean body weight increased from 4.34 ± 1.62 kg in piglets to 47.95 ± 14.91 kg in young pigs and 97.37 ± 4.39 kg in adults. Similar age-related increases were observed for all linear body measurements. Coefficients of variation were generally higher in piglets and young pigs and lower in adults, indicating greater growth heterogeneity during early development and greater uniformity after maturity. These findings show that zoometric traits are useful indicators of growth and body development in local pigs under smallholder coastal conditions. The study provides baseline morphometric information to support phenotypic characterisation, breeding stock selection, and conservation of local pig genetic resources.